必克VOA新闻：女性引导美国经济复苏

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Women Lead US Economic Recovery

The U.S. unemployment situation is improving gradually but unevenly, with women, especially, recovering the jobs they lost in the recession and adding more. Hispanic Americans were hit harder by the downturn and are recovering more slowly.

The recession hit hard in the male-dominated industries of manufacturing and construction, and these sectors recovered more slowly than the rest of the economy. That’s why men now hold hundreds of thousands fewer jobs across the economy than they did before the financial crisis.

Jeffrey Hayes studies this and other workforce issues at the Institute for Women's Policy Research in Washington.

“Recession did start off with large drops in some fairly male-dominated fields, construction, there was a housing crisis, and construction did drop off. [During the] finance crisis, some of the finance jobs were again male-dominated, did go away," said Hayes.

Large numbers of women work in education, health care, and business services, and the recession hit these areas later than the rest of the economy.

The female-dominated sectors also recovered more quickly than construction and manufacturing. IWPR research shows women now hold more jobs in the U.S. economy than they did before the financial crisis.

The situation is more difficult for the 23 million Hispanics in the U.S. workforce.

Hispanics historically have had a higher unemployment rate than other workers. They were badly hurt by the recession, and are recovering more slowly than other segments of the economy, according to National Council of La Raza analyst Alicia Criado.

“A majority of the jobs that have been created coming out of the recession, have been low-wage jobs, or jobs that don’t keep workers out of poverty and that is definitely the case for millions of Latino workers, who are increasingly filling jobs in the low-wage sector," she said.

The National Council of La Raza works for civil rights for Hispanics in the U.S. It supports raising the minimum wage as a way to help Hispanics escape poverty.

Criado says Hispanics are a fast-growing part of the U.S. population and will be nearly one-third of the work force by the year 2050. That, she says, makes it urgent to improve access to education and find other ways to help this part of the population reach its economic potential.

And while women may be gaining more jobs than their male counterparts, a recent study says women still make about 80 cents for every dollar earned by men.

词汇解析

annual

难度：4星核心词汇，属常用3000词

英汉解释

adj.每年的；年度的；一年生的

n.年刊；一年生植物

参考例句

用作形容词 (adj.)

The firm has an annual turnover of $75 million.

这家公司的年营业额为7500万美元。

用作名词 (n.)

His essay is copied from a college annual.

他的论文是从一本大学年刊上抄下来的。

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budget

难度：4星核心词汇，属常用3000词

英汉解释

n.预算

vt.编预算；为 ... 做预算

vi.节省开支

adj.廉价的；不贵的

参考例句

用作名词 (n.)

Congress has approved the new educational budget.

国会通过了新的教育预算。

用作及物动词 (vt.)

The government has budgeted 10000000 pounds for education spending.

政府将10000000英镑编入教育预算。

用作不及物动词 (vi.)

If we budget carefully, we'll be able to afford a new house.

如果我们精打细算就能买一座新房子了。

用作形容词 (adj.)

You can buy high-quality goods at budget prices there.

你可以在那买到物美价廉的商品。

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private

难度：5星基本词汇，属常用1000词

英汉解释

adj.私人的；个人的；私下的；私有的；缄默的

n.士兵；列兵

参考例句

用作形容词 (adj.)

The public is fascinated by the private lives of public figures.

公众对社会名流的私生活具有浓厚的兴趣。

用作名词 (n.)

Soldiers are classified as Private, Specialist Sergeant and Master Sergeant.

士兵分为列兵、专业军士、军士长。

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establish

难度：4星核心词汇，属常用3000词

英汉解释

v.建立；确立；创办；安顿

参考例句

用作动词 (v.)

The framework of a social security system was established by and large.

社会保障体系框架基本确立。

They established themselves in their new house.

他们在新居安顿了下来。

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demand

难度：4星核心词汇，属常用3000词

英汉解释

n.要求；需求

v.要求；查问；需要

参考例句

用作名词 (n.)

The demand for coal begins to slacken off in the spring.

煤的需求在春天开始减少。

用作动词 (v.)

All these questions demand careful and detailed study.

这些都需要认真具体的研究。

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source

难度：5星基本词汇，属常用1000词

英汉解释

n.来源；发源地；原始资料

v.从...获得

参考例句

用作名词 (n.)

My wages are the principal source of my income.

薪金是我收入的主要来源。

They gathered up from various sources a great amount of firsthand data.

他们从各种来源搜集了大量的第一手资料。

用作动词 (v.)

We source all the meat sold in our stores from British farms.

我们商店里卖的肉均从英国农场购进。

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urge

难度：4星核心词汇，属常用3000词

英汉解释

vt.驱策；鼓励；催促；力陈

vi.极力主张

n.冲动；强烈愿望

参考例句

用作及物动词 (vt.)

We will urge them to adhere to the Paris Agreement.

我们将敦促他们遵守巴黎协议。

用作不及物动词 (vi.)

He urged against the adoption of the measure.

他极力反对采取这项措施。

用作名词 (n.)

When the urge to create a cellar happens it's usually at the beginning of your wine appreciation career.

当你有强烈愿望要建一个酒窖时，通常是你的葡萄酒鉴赏生涯的开始。

 

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